Our interpretation of the situation depending on our explanatory style (positive or negative). Automatic negative thoughts or ANTs are a stream of rapid pessimistic thoughts that arise due to negatively framed interpretations.
CONSEQUENCES
Feelings generated by our beliefs. Low self-esteem, confusion, anger, sadness etc. are the consequences of ANTs.
ANT SPRAY – point of self-intervention through “metacognition” (thinking about thinking)
DISPUTATION
Disputing with ANTs through Positive Personal Dialogue (PPD)
ENERGIZATION
Generation of positive energy with change from low or irritable mood to happy mood and invigoration
*The ABCDE modelling for learned optimism was initially suggested by Albert Ellis and further modified by Martin Seligman.